Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrimido[4,5- b]indole Derivatives Against Gram-Negative Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens

J Med Chem. 2021 Jun 24;64(12):8644-8665. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00621. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Abstract

Due to the poor permeability across Gram-negative bacterial membranes and the troublesome bacterial efflux mechanism, only a few GyrB/ParE inhibitors with potent activity against Gram-negative pathogens have been reported. Among them, pyrimido[4,5-b]indole derivatives represented by GP-1 demonstrated excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but were limited by hERG inhibition and poor pharmacokinetics profile. To improve their drug-like properties, we designed a series of novel pyrimido[4,5-b]indole derivatives based on the tricyclic scaffold of GP-1 and the C-7 moiety of acorafloxacin. These efforts have culminated in the discovery of a promising compound 18r with reduced hERG liability and an improved PK profile. Compound 18r exhibited superior broad-spectrum in vitro antibacterial activity compared to GP-1, including a variety of clinical multidrug G- pathogens, especially Acinetobacter baumannii, and the in vivo efficacy was also demonstrated in a neutropenic mouse thigh model of infection with multidrug-resistant A. baumannii.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acinetobacter Infections / drug therapy*
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / metabolism
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Bacteria / drug effects*
  • DNA Gyrase / metabolism
  • Drug Design
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / drug effects
  • Drug Stability
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Indoles / chemical synthesis
  • Indoles / metabolism
  • Indoles / pharmacokinetics
  • Indoles / therapeutic use*
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Microsomes, Liver / metabolism
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Molecular Structure
  • Pyrimidines / chemical synthesis
  • Pyrimidines / metabolism
  • Pyrimidines / pharmacokinetics
  • Pyrimidines / therapeutic use*
  • Rats
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Indoles
  • Pyrimidines
  • DNA Gyrase